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ΔΡΑΣΤΙΚΗ ΟΥΣΙΑ S01EB04 SPC ΕΟΦ DrugBank PubChem Σκευάσματα

DEMECARIUM

For the topical treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma.

Chemical structure of DEMECARIUM

Κλινική Σύνοψη

Προτεραιότητα πηγών: SPC, ΕΟΦ, DrugBank

Curated
clinical_notes
DrugBank

Ενδείξεις

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For the topical treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma.
neurology
DrugBank

Μηχανισμός δράσης

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Demecarium is an indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agent, also known as a cholinesterase inhibitor and anticholinesterase. Cholinesterase inhibitors prolong the effect of acetylcholine, which is released at the neuroeffector junction of parasympathetic…
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DrugBank

Φαρμακοδυναμική

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Demecarium is a long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor and potent miotic. Because of its toxicity, it should be reserved for use in patients with open-angle glaucoma or other chronic glaucomas not satisfactorily controlled with the short-acting miotics and…

Σκευάσματα & Τιμολόγηση

Δεδομένα ΕΟΦ (04/2026)
Φόρτωση...

Μονογραφίες Πηγών

Αναλυτικό περιεχόμενο ανά πηγή για τεκμηρίωση και έλεγχο

DrugBank

Description

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Demecarium bromid is an indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agent that is used to treat glaucoma. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor or an anticholinesterase. Cholinesterase inhibitors prolong the effect of acetylcholine, which is released at the neuroeffector junction of parasympathetic postganglion nerves, by inactivating the cholinesterases that break it down. Demecarium inactivates both pseudocholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. In the eye, this causes constriction of the iris sphincter muscle (causing miosis) and the ciliary muscle. The outflow of the aqueous humor is facilitated, which leads to a reduction in intraocular pressure.
DrugBank

Indication

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For the topical treatment of chronic open-angle glaucoma.
DrugBank

Pharmacology

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Demecarium is a long-acting cholinesterase inhibitor and potent miotic. Because of its toxicity, it should be reserved for use in patients with open-angle glaucoma or other chronic glaucomas not satisfactorily controlled with the short-acting miotics and other agents. Application of demecarium to the eye produces intense miosis and ciliary muscle contraction due to inhibition of cholinesterase, allowing acetylcholine to accumulate at sites of cholinergic transmission. These effects are accompanied by increased capillary permeability of the ciliary body and iris, increased permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier, and vasodilation. Myopia may be induced or, if present, may be augmented by the increased refractive power of the lens that results from the accommodative effect of the drug.
DrugBank

Mechanism of action

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Demecarium is an indirect-acting parasympathomimetic agent, also known as a cholinesterase inhibitor and anticholinesterase. Cholinesterase inhibitors prolong the effect of acetylcholine, which is released at the neuroeffector junction of parasympathetic postganglion nerves, by inactivating the cholinesterases that break it down. Demecarium inactivates both pseudocholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. In the eye, this causes constriction of the iris sphincter muscle (causing miosis) and the ciliary muscle (affecting the accommodation reflex and causing a spasm of the focus to near vision). The outflow of the aqueous humor is facilitated, which leads to a reduction in intraocular pressure. Of the two actions, the effect on the accommodation reflex is the more transient and generally disappears before termination of the miosis.
DrugBank

Toxicity

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The oral LD50 is 2.96 mg/kg in the mouse. Symptoms of overdose include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, urinary incontinence, salivation, sweating, difficulty in breathing, bradycardia, or cardiac irregularities.

Scientific Profile

CID
5966
Μοριακός τύπος
C32H52N4O4+2
Μοριακό βάρος
556.8
IUPAC
trimethyl-[3-[methyl-[10-[methyl-[3-(trimethylazaniumyl)phenoxy]carbonylamino]decyl]carbamoyl]oxyphenyl]azanium
InChIKey
RWZVPVOZTJJMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Κατάταξη MeSH

Ταξινόμηση MeSH Φαρμακολογικής Δράσης

Φάρμακα που αναστέλλουν τις χολινεστεράσες. Ο νευροδιαβιβαστής ΑΚΕΤΥΛΟΧΟΛΙΝΗ υδρολύεται ταχέως και, ως εκ τούτου, αδρανοποιείται, από τις χολινεστεράσες. Όταν οι χολινεστεράσες αναστέλλονται, η δράση της ενδογενώς απελευθερούμενης ακετυλοχολίνης στις χολινεργικές συνάψεις ενισχύεται. Οι αναστολείς της χολινεστεράσης χρησιμοποιούνται ευρέως κλινικά για την ενίσχυση των χολινεργικών εισροών στον γαστρεντερικό σωλήνα και την ουροδόχο κύστη, το μάτι και τους σκελετικούς μυς· χρησιμοποιούνται επίσης για τις επιδράσεις τους στην καρδιά και το κεντρικό νευρικό σύστημα.

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