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ΔΡΑΣΤΙΚΗ ΟΥΣΙΑ A10BJ01 SPC ΕΟΦ DrugBank PubChem Σκευάσματα

EXENATIDE

Εξενατίδη

Indicated as adjunctive therapy to improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who are taking metformin, a sulfonylurea, or a combination of both, but have not achieved adequate glycemic control.

Chemical structure of EXENATIDE

Εμπορικά Ονόματα

Κλινική Σύνοψη

Προτεραιότητα πηγών: SPC, ΕΟΦ, DrugBank

Curated
clinical_notes
DrugBank

Ενδείξεις

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Indicated as adjunctive therapy to improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who are taking metformin, a sulfonylurea, or a combination of both, but have not achieved adequate glycemic control.
neurology
DrugBank

Μηχανισμός δράσης

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Exenatide is a functional analog of the human incretin Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). Incretins enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and exhibit other antihyperglycemic actions following their release into the circulation from the gut. The GLP-1…
monitor_heart
DrugBank

Φαρμακοδυναμική

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Exenatide is an incretin mimetic, which has glucoregulatory effects. While it is has blood-sugar lowering actions alone, it can also be combined with other medications such as pioglitazone, metformin, sulfonylureas, and/or insulin to improve glucose control….
biotech
PubChem

Φαρμακοκινητική

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Το εξενatide φτάνει σε μέγιστη πλασματική συγκέντρωση σε 2,1 ώρες. Επειδή το εξενatide χορηγείται υποδόρια, η βιοδιαθεσιμότητα είναι 1. Το εξενatide αποβάλλεται κυρίως μέσω της σπειραματικής διήθησης, ακολουθούμενης από πρωτεόλυση, πριν τελικά αποβληθεί στα…
hub
PubChem

Μεταβολισμός

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Το εξενatide διηθείται μέσω του σπειράματος πριν διασπαστεί σε μικρότερα πεπτίδια και αμινοξέα από τη διπεπτιδυλική πεπτιδάση-4, μεταλλοπρωτεάσες, ενδοπεπτιδάση 24-11, αμινοπεπτιδάσες και σερινικές πρωτεάσες. Πιστεύεται επί του παρόντος ότι οι…
bloodtype
DrugBank

Απέκκριση

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Nonclinical studies have shown that exenatide is predominantly eliminated by glomerular filtration with subsequent proteolytic degradation.

Σκευάσματα & Τιμολόγηση

Δεδομένα ΕΟΦ (04/2026)
Φόρτωση...

Μονογραφίες Πηγών

Αναλυτικό περιεχόμενο ανά πηγή για τεκμηρίωση και έλεγχο

DrugBank

Description

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Exenatide, derived from a compound found in the saliva of the Gila monster, a large lizard native to the southwestern US, is a functional analog of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1), a naturally occuring peptide.
DrugBank

Indication

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Indicated as adjunctive therapy to improve glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus who are taking metformin, a sulfonylurea, or a combination of both, but have not achieved adequate glycemic control.
DrugBank

Pharmacology

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Exenatide is an incretin mimetic, which has glucoregulatory effects. While it is has blood-sugar lowering actions alone, it can also be combined with other medications such as pioglitazone, metformin, sulfonylureas, and/or insulin to improve glucose control. The approved use of exenatide is with either sulfonylureas, metformin and thiazolinediones. The medication is injected twice per day using a pre-filled pen device. Typical human responses to exenatide plus eating include improvements in the initial rapid release of endogenous insulin, suppression of glucagon release by the pancreas, regulation of gastric empyting and reduced appetite; all behaviors more typical of individuals without blood sugar control problems. Exenatide is self-regulating in that in lowers blood sugar when levels are elevated but does not continue to lower blood sugar when levels return to normal, unlike with sulfonylureas or insulins.
DrugBank

Mechanism of action

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Exenatide is a functional analog of the human incretin Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). Incretins enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion and exhibit other antihyperglycemic actions following their release into the circulation from the gut. The GLP-1 system increases insulin secretion only in the presence of elevated plasma glucose levels, avoiding inappropriately high insulin levels during fasting. The drug also moderates peak serum glucagon levels during hyperglycemic periods following meals, but does not interfere with glucagon release in response to hypoglycemia. Secondary effects of drug administration reduces the rate of gastric emptying and decreases food intake, mitigating the potential severity of hyperglycemic events after meals.
DrugBank

Absorption

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Following subcutaneous administration to patients with type 2 diabetes, exenatide reaches median peak plasma concentrations in 2.1 hours.
DrugBank

Half life

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Mean terminal half-life is 2.4 hours.
DrugBank

Route of elimination

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Nonclinical studies have shown that exenatide is predominantly eliminated by glomerular filtration with subsequent proteolytic degradation.
DrugBank

Volume of distribution

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  • 28.3 L
DrugBank

Clearance

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  • Apparent cl=9.1 L/hr
DrugBank

Toxicity

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Effects of the overdoses included severe nausea, severe vomiting, and rapidly declining blood glucose concentrations.
query_stats Κρίσιμα Στοιχεία

Ημίσεια ζωή

2,4 ώρες
PubChem

Απέκκριση

Νεφρά
PubChem
science

Scientific Profile

CID
45588096
Μοριακός τύπος
C184H282N50O60S
Μοριακό βάρος
4187.0
IUPAC
(4S)-5-[[2-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-5-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[2-[[2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-amino-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidine-1-carbonyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-1,4-dioxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-carbamimidamido-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-carboxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-methylsulfanyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1,5-dioxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-carboxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-4-[[2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
InChIKey
HTQBXNHDCUEHJF-XWLPCZSASA-N
Κατάταξη MeSH

Ενώσεις που διεγείρουν τη δραστηριότητα του ΥΠΟΔΟΧΕΑ ΤΟΥ ΠΕΠΤΙΔΙΟΥ-1 ΤΥΠΟΥ ΓΛΥΚΑΓΟΝΗΣ (GLP-1). Οι αγωνιστές του υποδοχέα του πεπτιδίου-1 τύπου γλυκαγόνης χρησιμοποιούνται για τη θεραπεία του ΔΙΑΒΗΤΗ ΤΥΠΟΥ 2 και της ΠΑΧΕΣΑΡΚΙΑΣ.

Παράγοντες που αυξάνουν την ενεργειακή δαπάνη και την απώλεια βάρους μέσω νευρικής και μεταβολικής ρύθμισης.

Πεπτίδια που διεγείρουν την έκκριση ΙΝΣΟΥΛΙΝΗΣ από τα ΠΑΓΚΡΕΑΤΙΚΑ Β-ΚΥΤΤΑΡΑ μετά την από του στόματος λήψη θρεπτικών ουσιών ή μετά τα γεύματα.